Почему взрослым не делают манту: Так ли страшна Манту, как ею пугают? | ЗДОРОВЬЕ

План статьи:
1. Делают или нет взрослым пробу Манту?
2. Нормальная реакция Манту
3. Положительная реакция Манту
4. В каких случаях возможен ложноположительный и ложноотрицательный результат

Нужно ли ребенку делать Манту и что будет при отказе от пробы

Ежегодная проба Манту – популярный повод для ожесточённых споров о её необходимости. Циркулирует множество мифов и слухов о повышенной опасности исследования для организма ребёнка, о непоправимых последствиях, которые наступят сразу после манипуляции. Настолько ли нужно ли ребенку делать пробу Манту, и нельзя ли обойтись без неё или заменить чем-нибудь менее опасным?

Отказ от пробы часто связан с незнанием причин, по которым её проводят, и нежеланием вникать в суть процедуры. Манту – это метод диагностики, а не прививка. Это своеобразное тестирование организма малыша на присутствие в нём микобактерий туберкулёза (палочки Коха).

Манту: обязательно ли делать пробу

Делать ли ребёнку Манту – это выбор каждого родителя. Это не принудительное мероприятие, а вынужденная профилактическая мера, связанная со сложной эпидемиологической ситуацией по заболеваемости туберкулезом в России. Она необходима для  раннего выявления активности грозной инфекции в организме в случае заражения и оценки эффективности вакцинации. Считать ли прививку Манту обязательной или нет для ребёнка, решают только его родители.

С помощью пробы проверяется отклик иммунной системы на введение туберкулина – вытяжки из туберкулёзных микобактерий, культивированных в искусственно воссозданной питательной среде. Если реакция Манту имеет ярко выраженные проявления, значит, можно предполагать присутствие палочки Коха.

Туберкулиновый экстракт вызывает аллергическую реакцию, показывающую наличие или отсутствие туберкулёзного возбудителя у ребенка, степень «знакомства» иммунных клеток памяти  этим антигеном.

Надо ли делать Манту, устраивая ребёнка в учебное заведение? С одной стороны, вакцинация и разные методики диагностики по закону не являются обязательными. Это значит, что от них можно отказаться. Но следует учитывать, что отсутствие записей об обязательных прививках и медицинских тестах в карточке маленького пациента или отказ от них могут вызвать неприятные последствия как для школьника, так и для его родителей:

• сложности с оформлением в учебное заведение;
• проба Манту помогает в раннем выявлении болезни, когда симптомов еще нет. Если не делать её, можно пропустить начало заболевания;
• без справки о прохождении обязательного медицинского обследования выезд ребёнка с родителями за рубеж сомнителен;
• взрослого человека могут отстранить от работы или отказать в трудоустройстве, если у него нет справки об отсутствии болезни легких. Она выдаётся по результатам ежегодной флюорографии.

Выбор, проводить Манту или отказаться, является свободным решением каждого гражданина РФ.

Показания и противопоказания для проведения медицинского мероприятия

Для подтверждения или опровержения диагноза туберкулёз проба Манту проводится при следующих признаках:

• кашель в течение 2-3 недель;
• обильное отделение мокроты;
• постоянная субфебрильная температура, которая не сбивается традиционными средствами;
• бледность, нездоровый румянец, потеря веса;
• боли в области груди.

Проба Манту способна выявить присутствие патогенных микроорганизмов до проявления первых клинических симптомов туберкулёза.

У Манту имеется ряд противопоказаний. Если ними пренебречь, могут возникнуть осложнения, или результат окажется недостоверным. Если отводы временные, процедуру придётся отложить на некоторое время. Противопоказания к пробе:

• аллергия;
• эпилепсия;
• хронические заболевания в стадии обострения;
• инфекционные болезни, сопровождающиеся повышением температуры;
• с момента последней прививки не прошёл месяц.

При наличии хотя бы одного из перечисленных признаков процедуру следует отложить или перенести до полного выздоровления.

Если ребёнок склонен к аллергиям любого вида, врачи советуют принимать антигистаминные препараты перед Манту, чтобы не получить ложноположительную реакцию.

Почему рекомендуют все-таки пройти диагностику

Если у ребёнка замечены признаки, свидетельствующие о вероятном заболевании туберкулёзом, следует срочно обратиться к врачу и сделать Манту. Проведение флюорографии несовершеннолетним допускается в редких критических случаях, поэтому туберкулиновая проба является единственным источником информации для постановки предварительного диагноза.

Внеплановая диагностика по методу Манту рекомендуется в случаях:

• если в регионе проживания наблюдается много инфицированных, процедура назначается обязательно;
• санитарные условия по месту жительства признаны неблагоприятными;
• Манту следует обязательно ставить, если имеется постоянный контакт с туберкулёзными больными;
• проживание в густонаселённом пункте, где вероятно непреднамеренное заражение в торговых точках, транспорте, не работе;
• отсутствие полноценного питания;
• ослабление иммунитета из-за болезни.

Если проба показала положительный результат, врач-фтизиатр назначает дополнительное комплексное обследование для уточнения диагноза.

Почему стоит делать Манту каждый год

Высокая плотность проживания, а также недостаточная информированность населения, создают благоприятную почву для распространения опасной болезни. Туберкулёзные палочки, распространяющиеся воздушно-капельным путём, могут выживать до 2 недель за пределами живого организма. Для их уничтожения надо проводить обработку специальными составами. Это редко делается в школах, садиках, в общественном транспорте, не говоря уже о магазинах и детских площадках.

Профилактика заболеваемости туберкулёзом поддерживается на государственном уровне. В её рамках предусмотрены:

• трёхэтапная вакцинация БЦЖ: в год, в 7 лет и в 14 лет;
• мониторинг состояния сформированного иммунитета. Именно введение туберкулина (проба Манту) и является инструментом такого контроля. Начиная с 12 месяцев, Манту делают каждый год. Такая регулярность позволяет вовремя предпринять меры, если вакцинация не возымела действия. К тому же так легче найти признаки болезни и остановить её развитие, если заражение всё же произошло.

Делать Манту нужно каждый год вплоть до 14 лет. Последняя плановая проверка делается перед третьей вакцинацией БЦЖ. Если не проводить пробу ежегодно, можно пропустить начало тяжёлой болезни.

Если родители отказываются от пробы

Если родители решили не ставить ребёнку туберкулиновую пробу, то это не станет причиной неприятных последствий. В соответствии с законом № 77 от 18.06.2001 года «О предупреждении распространения туберкулёза в РФ», проба Манту проводится только с согласия граждан. Однако, отказавшись от государственной противотуберкулёзной поддержки, родители лишают своего малыша возможностей ранней диагностики.

Почему некоторые родители склоняются к отказу от пробы

Одной из причин отказа от Манту является убеждение в токсичности препарата, содержащего фенол. Другие граждане рассматривают туберкулин, как источник бактерий.

Рассматривая фенол, как токсичное вещество, многие забывают, что он вырабатывается самим организмом и распадается на совершенно безопасные вещества. Мало того, фенол присутствует даже во всеми любимых копченостях, которые никто не считает ядовитыми. При отказе от пробы, следует учитывать мнение специалистов, которые приводят следующие данные: одна доза вакцины содержит всего 0,001 мг консерванта (фенола), что не нанесёт никакого вреда организму.

При проведении пробы Манту вводится туберкулин – вытяжка из умерщвлённых частиц туберкулёзных микобактерий, обработанных химическим и термическим способами. Поэтому рассматривать этот препарат, как вероятный источник заражения, не стоит.

Что будет, если не делать Манту ребёнку

Препарат вводят подкожно в ничтожной дозе, и организм реагирует после проведенной пробы образованием «пуговки» – небольшого уплотнения, являющегося эпицентром аллергической реакции. Вид и размер папулы позволяют решить сразу две задачи:

• определение наличия иммунитета и его уровня;
• обнаружение возможного заражения, произошедшего за год.

Проба Манту, как метод исследования, – простой и эффективный способ обнаружения активности туберкулёзных микобактерий в организме. Чем раньше будет выявлено заражение, тем больше шансов на полное выздоровление в дальнейшем. Специалисты настоятельно доводят до родителей мысль: если не будете делать Манту ребёнку, вы подвергнете его большому риску быть заражённым. Ведь дети постоянно находятся в больших коллективах: в школах, детских садах, спортивных секциях, кружках, где велика вероятность распространения опасного заболевания. Не обнаруженная на ранних стадиях болезнь в дальнейшем предполагает длительное лечение туберкулеза, осложнения и понижение качества жизни.

Имеются ли альтернативы

Люди, которые по каким-либо причинам не хотят делать Манту, могут выбрать альтернативные варианты.

1. Эффективными и информативными методами являются рентген лёгких или флюорография. Их крупный недостаток – использование рентгеновского излучения. Проводить рентген у детей допустимо лишь один раз в два года, и не чаще. К тому же он бессилен в диагностике туберкулёза форм, отличных от лёгочной.
2. Диаскинтест. Суть метода заключается в подкожном введении туберкулёзного рекомбинантного белка. На инъекцию препарата антитела, выработанные при БЦЖ, не реагируют, и ложноположительные реакции отмечаются редко. Точность метода оценивают до 90 %.
3. Проба Пирке. Механизм действия и принцип оценки результатов схожи с Манту. Разница – в технике исполнения. Туберкулин вводится накожно. На поверхности кожи делаются лёгкие царапины, а результаты рассматриваются через двое суток. Точность результатов близка к Манту.

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About 35 percent of these 200 participants were taking daily asthma medications at the start of the study.[9 Myths About Seasonal Allergies] 90003 90002 To see if asthma might return, these 200 participants were followed for an additional year, but more than 90 percent continued to show no signs of asthma, despite not taking any medications for it, the researchers said . 90003 90002 More than half of these participants had not undergone a lung function test when they were originally diagnosed with asthma, the researchers said. Still, about 12 percent of participants did have medical records showing a previous positive test for asthma using a lung function test, and so these patients may have experienced a spontaneous remission of the disease, the researchers said.90003 90002 When the participants without asthma were evaluated by the study doctors, about 60 percent were diagnosed with other conditions, such as seasonal allergies, acid reflux or breathing difficulties that were due to obesity. But a fraction of participants — 2 percent of the overall study group — were diagnosed with serious conditions, such ischemic heart disease and bronchiectasis, a condition in which the lungs ‘airways are damaged and become enlarged, making it harder to clear mucus. 90003 90002 The researchers noted in their study that some people with asthma may experience long periods of remission before they have a recurrence of their asthma.This means that, even though the study participants were followed for 15 months, it’s still possible that some could experience a recurrence of their asthma after the study ended, they said. 90003 90002 90035 Original article on 90036 90035 Live Science 90036 90035. 90036 90003 .90000 Why Adults Do not Get Them 90001 90002 Nobody likes getting stuck by a needle, but the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says we should get used to it. 90003 90002 Agency officials recently unveiled an advisory for adult vaccinations, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. 90003 90002 The new guidance eliminates the nasal flu shot due to inefficacy, but recommends most other flu vaccines as they’re effective in people with egg allergies. 90003 90002 The CDC has also revised its recommendations for hepatitis B, HIV, and meningococcal disease vaccinations — as well as 10 other conditions.90003 90002 Another significant update: Children who receive their first human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine before they turn 15, and get the second dose within five months, only need those two doses instead of three. 90003 90002 90013 Read more: Researchers closer to HIV vaccine than ever before »90014 90003 90016 Why do not we get our shots? 90017 90002 On the whole, adults in the United States are not getting vaccinated as much as they should, according to the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), which wrote the report.90003 90002 Only 20 percent of adults over the age of 19 have had an updated Tdap vaccine, which guards against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough). 90003 90002 About 44 percent of adults the same age has had a flu shot. 90003 90002 And 20 percent of those ages 19 to 64 who were at risk for pneumonia had the pneumococcal vaccine, while 60 percent of those over the age of 65 had gotten it, the report stated. 90003 90002 One barrier to getting vaccinated is insurance, Dr. Sandra Fryhofer, a general internist in Atlanta and American College of Physicians ‘liaison to the ACIP, who served with the vaccine work group, told CBS.90003 90002 She said that insured Americans are two to five times more likely to receive their vaccines. 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I love anything that involves the wild, the mountains, the sea and any kinds of sustainable and responsible interactions with wildlife, from humpback whales in Tonga to diving Sipadan or Fiji, to swimming in Bora Bora’s shark infested waters or trekking for gorillas in Uganda. This is one of the many reasons why I love Africa.A day out on safari is as perfect a day for me as a day out at sea. Show me a wild animal in its own territory and I will show you a happy Mar. 90004 90003 Naturally, when I read that you could sleep with the fish in the middle of the Indian Ocean in Tanzania, I was excited that someone had come up with the perfect hotel room. What else could you ask for than your own private underwater room complete with another star gazing bed? The Manta Resort, in Pemba Island off Zanzibar and the Tanzanian Coast offers just that.Would you like to know what it is like to sleep among the fish in the world’s first underwater room? Continue reading my review of The Manta Resort to find out what it was like. 90004 90003 90004 90011 Arrival and check in at The Manta Resort, Tanzania 90012 90003 Pemba is remote, The Manta Resort is remote. If Zanzibar evokes images of a lost tropical paradise washed in warm waters and breezes of a spicey past, Pemba is the little sister you did not know existed and it is going to be the next Tanzanian island to reach the starlight.You heard it here first. 90004 90003 To reach The Manta Resort you first need to get to Dar es Salaam, the capital of Tanzania, or Nairobi, the capital of Kenya. From there, you can board a plane to Zanzibar from where you can connect on a tiny propeller plane to Pemba. When I say tiny airplane, I mean it. If you have never taken a Cessna or Caravan plane across the African Savannah, you will be shocked to see how small the plane is. On our flight with ZanAir, the plane was so tiny and packed that the pilot had to make his way from the back of the plane on the 10cm 1m high aisle between the two rows of window seats after all the 9 guests were seated because the plane had no front door.These propeller planes do not fly very high, staying at comfortable sightseeing heights which add to the experience. 90004 90017 90003 The Manta Resort beach 90004 90003 It is a fabulous experience, unless you are scared of flying. If that is you, you will be terrified. The plane shakes a lot, the windows can open mid-air, the draft comes in and gusts of wind can shake the plane. If you are not afraid of flying, the experience is exhilarating. 90004 90003 After you land in Pemba you will get your luggage delivered by hand, like in Zanzibar and you will meet your driver.The Manta Resort is at the very northeast tip of the island, so it takes about one hour and a half to get there in a 4 × 4 car. 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Peace will have descended and your mood will be changed. 90004 90003 We were offered a drink, a gin and tonic in our case, to continue with our bush feeling and fend off the sunset mosquitoes while we were explained how things worked and then introduced to our butler.As everything was prepaid in advance, we did not really need to provide many details, so we just walked through the spa and activity options and showed to our room when the glasses were empty and the sun had set. Perfect timing. 90004 90011 The resort room at The Manta Resort, Tanzania 90012 90003 We were staying for three nights, so we spent two of them in a regular sea facing villa and one in the underwater room. You do not really want to spend more than one night in the underwater room, for two reasons.One is the steep price. The novelty costs USD1,500 per night. The other is the comfort. Although I slept well both under water and on the star gazing bed, the underwater room has no hot water, only a marine toilet and the feeling of isolation is at its maximum. You can not go anywhere but the water, so after one day you have experienced it and are happy to go back to firm land. 90004 90032 90003 The Manta Resort beach 90004 90003 The main resort area consisted of several brick, thatched and very spacious villas with two kinds of views.The first line of villas were located above the beach and had views of the sea. They were a wonderful place to wake up in and also to watch the sunset from. They were huge, with a four poster bed and a higher level with the toilet, shower and two sinks. 90004 90003 I liked the rustic chic feel to the place and the fact that they were relatively bare, with most of the furniture made of local wood and white washed walls. The sea facing wall had expansive windows with only wooden doors placed at night and otherwise fully opened onto the sea.There was a day bed by the window from where you could read or relax. 90004 90003 A small desk and a couple of armchairs with a low table completed the decor. But the room was likely just a place to sleep and wake up in as the resort, the beach and the surroundings were so beautiful you would not want to spend any time indoors. I liked the simplicity of the decoration, we did not really need any fancy furniture or accessories. 90004 90003 90004 90003 Perhaps the slightly odd and impractical part of the room was the fact that the shower had no curtain and basically opened out to the rest of the room with little place to hide from the person showering.As I was sharing the room with a friend, this made for awkward moments. 90004 90003 There was also a second line of villas that were further in from the sea-facing ones and so lacked the view. You could enjoy the view from the main lobby area too. But waking up to the clear blue skies, the sound of the birds and the green of some lush trees that frame the ocean is a view that I will forever remember. 90004 90047 90003 The Manta Resort 90004 90003 This is however the time when I have to mention, because it would unfair not to say it, that we had several issues with a mouse inside our villa that made us feel a tad unattended.On our second night we woke up at 1am to the noise of a mouse jumping from the top of our four poster bed’s mosquito net onto the floor. I turned on the light and I was sure I saw a mouse, but despite looking for it in the rather bare room, we could not find it so we went to get the staff. We got hold of the guard who alerted the manager. 90004 90003 After a helpless attempt at finding the mouse, we could only go back as the resort was full and so there was nowhere else to relocate us to. The mouse, with its two baby mice, proceeded to spend the rest of the night jumping around, making squeaky noises and even having a bath in the toilet, no kidding, splashing everywhere.Needless to say, even after taking a sleeping pill I was woken up every hour by the noise and Edwin ended up sleeping on the daybed (and getting bitten by mosquitoes in the process) to be farther away from the noise. It was an unpleasant night. In the morning, we saw it again and knew it was still in the room. 90004 90003 The staff spent the morning trying to locate it, looking for holes in the thatched roof and found the nest with the two babies. We were sure the problem was a one off and it would not happen again.In the evening, when we were getting ready for dinner, we saw the mouse by the open window jump right back into the room. Thankfully, we managed to chase it until it got into Edwin’s bag and we could give it to the staff to get rid of it. In the process, I also discovered that the mouse had eaten a pair of my trousers which the resort paid for. It was all a very unfortunate once-off event but left a sour taste in our mouths as it all happened on my birthday. Perhaps the resort should not run on full house in case such incidents occur, and are almost unavoidable when you are in the wild.90004 90011 A night at the underwater room 90012 90003 The star of the resort and what has made it famous beyond its pretty location and dreamy destination is the first underwater room in the world, located all by itself in the Indian ocean. But first things first. Where is the underwater room at The Manta Resort? 90004 90060 90003 The Manta Resort 90004 90003 The room is actually in the middle of the Indian Ocean, held to the bottom by four anchors, otherwise floating freely. That means that if there are big waves, the room actually moves quite a bit.Its location was chosen particularly because it is the deepest part of the shallow reef and for being close to various coral heads teeming with marine life. It takes about five minutes on the resort speedboat to get there and the structure can be seen from the main resort although it is impossible to make up anything without binoculars. This is an accessory everyone coming to The Manta Resort will have as this is a typical add-on to a safari in Kenya or Tanzania. So bear that in mind if you plan to walk around or sleep on the sun bed naked.90004 90003 The platform is made of three decks at three levels. The one at sea level has a table where you will be having your meals and sofas on a horseshoe-shaped lounge. That part is mostly in the shade and is facing the horizon. From there, the view is exclusively of the sea and you can not see or be seen from the shore. The toilet and a small fridge, as well as shelf space are also on this level. 90004 90003 90004 90003 From the sea level deck you can either climb up to the top deck and relax or sunbathe on the sun bed or descend down the vertical ladder to the underwater room.The rooftop has nothing more than a bed with a proper mattress. The feeling of being stranded and lost at sea is of a maximum from there. 90004 90003 Descending down to the underwater room is quite a feat. The ladder goes down four meters under sea level and requires both your hands. If you forget something or need to carry anything with you, there is a small rope which we attached to a bin basket and used to fetch things up and down. This was a makeshift lift of sorts which was pretty useful to carry cameras and tripods.90004 90073 90003 The underwater room at The Manta Resort 90004 90003 Under water, the room is nothing more than a box barely bigger than the double bed that is in it and made of glass on all four sides. Fish swim freely in the ocean at the other side of the window and, at night, they are attracted by the four blue spotlights projected from the room onto the water. There lies the magic of The Manta Resort’s underwater room. 90004 90003 The view at any time of the day was so mesmerising that it was easy to lose track of time and just stay there lost in your thoughts.90004 90003 Food was brought by the staff in containers at the agreed times and we just kept it all until the next service, so we were basically alone without any interruptions, except for the curious passing boats of fishermen who seemed quite intrigued and interested in seeing who was staying on that night. 90004 90003 What is there to do in the underwater room? You can take a mask, snorkel and fins with you in case you want to jump in and meet the fish up close. Other than that you are pretty much alone with nature and the elements.It is hard to explain what it felt like, the closest comparison is a sailing trip on a glass bottom boat. 90004 90084 90003 Sunrise at The Manta Resort underwater room 90004 90003 When night descended, the sea level «living room» faced the sunset and so it was the most beautiful place to see the light fade away behind passing sail boats — with a drink. 90004 90003 After dinner, I did not want to go to sleep. Instead, I wanted to take it all in, the underwater room’s fish action and the rooftop’s star gazing experience.I was overwhelmed but I fell asleep early, nonetheless. I woke up several times as if my mind was fighting my body for a chance to experience a night away from the world. 90004 90091 90003 The Manta Resort underwater room 90004 90003 I first went to sleep under the stars, wrapped around several blankets to protect myself from the humid and cold winter night in the ocean. I then woke up, still feeling chilly, and went downstairs to watch the fish. I could then not fall asleep. Simply looking through the glass, I was hypnotised by a tornado of reef fish swirling around in unison, perfectly coordinated and choreographed, as if they had practised for years.There were the occasional trumpet fish and even a very large tuna fish that I spotted at 3am. Excited, I wanted to wake my friend Edwin up and tell him, but the fish must have felt my excitement and swam away. 90004 90003 Dozing in and out of sleep, I woke up at 4am to unique sightings of a squid and a few small jelly fish. Translucent under the dark night and the blue light, the jelly fish, barely recognisable, were gently floating up and down, with the current, like ballerinas in motion. Everything around us was pure magic, the same incredible and unexplainable beauty I was drawn to as a kid when my older sister’s boyfriend bought her a 200 litre tropical warm water fish tank that she filled with lobster, Nemo clown fish and other pretty and colourful fish .I used to sit down by the stairs, next to the tank, and watch the fish at night when the equally blue light was on. It was relaxing and peaceful in a way only untamable fish can be. 90004 90003 The next morning, I woke up with the sunrise and climbed up to the rooftop to continue dozing on and off from my sleep as the sun pierced through the palm trees on the other side of the island and started to warm up the air. Breakfast was brought to us and we enjoyed the last few hours of our stay at sea trying to unsuccessfully fly the drone against the gusting winds.90004 90100 90003 The underwater room at The Manta Resort 90004 90011 The food 90012 90003 As you are in an all-inclusive type of resort with no other options, eating the food there is quite appropriate. There is nowhere else to go, so breakfast, lunch and dinner will be eaten at the main restaurant area. Your butler can also organise alternate settings for either meal if you are celebrating anything special — be it by the beach, by the pool or anywhere else — but the food will be the same.90004 90003 Breakfast consisted of a choice of a cooked dishes with the usual eggs any style or pancakes, cut local tropical fruits, a sponge cake or muffin and toasts with jams. Coffee and juice, although strangely not always freshly squeezed, were also offered and I got a fresh coconut on several occasions. 90004 90003 Lunch was light with a starter dish that often included breads and dips and a main of fish or meat that expressed Zanzibar’s and Pemba’s melting pot of cultures and heritage with curries and grilled fresh fish.90004 90111 90003 Sunset at The Manta Resort 90004 90003 Dinner, as in most journeys through the continent, was a more formal affair. Not that anyone wore anything else than flip flops and linen shirts or floral dresses, but the veranda was dimmed with candles and oil lamps. There was a three course menu featuring more elaborate dishes, if still using the same ingredients. 90004 90003 The most amazing part of dinner was the atmosphere. Out there under the starry night, it was as romantic a setting as it could have been.One evening, as it was my birthday, our table was set by the pool under a large tree, our feet dipped in the sand, with a curious bush baby for company. We were completely alone and in silence, except for when the waiter came to bring and take our plates. It was a beautiful and special meal entertained by the bush baby who insisted on coming close and eating the pieces of bread we threw by him. He got within a meter from our table. 90004 90003 90004 90003 Although the food was tasty and filling, there was not a lot of variation.I felt that the choice repeated itself a bit and I found myself eating tuna three times in three days. This is expected since the resort is so remotely located that the ingredients used are locally sourced. I am all for reducing carbon emissions and promoting proximity food and would have felt pretty bad if we were offered Australian grain-fed beef, but being on an island I would have expected and welcomed more of a fish and seafood variety since most of the locals were fisherman, and indeed lived off fishing.The waters teemed with marine life after all so it would have been great to have a different choice of fish every day. 90004 90003 The restaurant’s drink menu had several Kenyan and Tanzanian beers as well as a selection of wines and a cocktail list to enjoy with the sunset. There was no better way to while away the hours before dinner than with a drink and the beautiful view of the sun setting in the horizon behind pink and purple bougainvillea in bloom. The cocktails were original, hand made and used local ingredients, so they were just perfect.90004 90124 90003 Lounge at The Manta Resort 90004 90003 If you are peckish during the day there are cookies and coffee / tea available in the main lobby. As the drinks are available and included throughout the stay, it is pretty convenient to simply order and enjoy them anywhere. 90004 90011 The activities and facilities 90012 90003 Although it seems that most people come here to find relaxation and peace, there is also plenty to keep you busy at The Manta Resort, from diving to sailing or walking up to a lighthouse.90004 90003 Pemba island can also be explored, as can the forest near the resort where 70% of the world’s cloves are grown. If you enjoy being in the water, there are kayak excursions, snorkelling trips and boat cruises at sunset or to a nearby sandbank. 90004 90135 90003 The beach at The Manta Resort 90004 90003 We took a traditional Tanzanian fishing boat out at sunset and sailed around the tip of the island to a long white sand beach on the other side. After enjoying some drinks and snacks on the shore, we saw the sun set behind the palm trees as we sailed back to the resort.The trip also included a quick visit to our captain’s village on the way back. It was all very organic and casual. 90004 90003 Diving is possible and there is a dive center on site. The West side of Pemba has a few dive sites with plenty of coral and fish including sharks, tuna, rays and even turtles. 90004 90003 Lastly, if you want to truly indulge, the resort also has a spa. 90004 90144 90003 Sunset cruise at The Manta Resort 90004 90003 To make all the above easiest, every evening as you are having dinner, the dive center instructor, your butler and the spa manager will drop by every table to check if you would like to sign up for any activities for the next day.90004 90003 But if you want to genuinely enjoy the sea, sand and sun, the resort’s beach is beautiful and quiet and there are enough sun beds spread out enough that you do not have to be anywhere near any other guest if you do not want to. And for fresh water lovers, the pool, one level above the sea, is the perfect place for a swim. If you’ve had too much sun though, there is a small bar and lounge area by the pool with cushioned swings to read on. 90004 90151 90003 The pool at The Manta Resort 90004 90003 Other things to consider include the lack of TVs, though I only just realised that, and the poor and weak WiFi signal only available in the restaurant area.This was not such a big deal for us, as we were not there to go online but it will be impossible to get any work done or do anything more than just check emails and do social media. 90004 90011 The service 90012 90003 The staff were eagerly keen and always smiling. They were friendly and caring and constantly coming to check up if we needed anything. Like in other parts in the continent, Africa taught me to have patience. When you are on holiday you are not in a rush anyway, but Pemba is not a place you come to get things done quickly.It is rather a place to savour the journey as much as the destination. 90004 90011 The verdict 90012 90003 I have stayed at plenty of resorts, lodges, beach hotels and all sorts of accommodations options across Africa. Africa is my happy place and it has taught me a lot about myself, about life and about the things that really matter. Coming back this year, after 6 years not stepping foot in the continent, I longed for the same feeling I had when I first arrived in December 2006 and it did not disappoint.A part of it was my time at The Manta Resort. 90004 90003 The beautiful beach, the powdery sand, the receding tides over warm turquoise waters, the feeling of time standing still. The Manta Resort is a place you come to find peace and yourself. The place is beautiful, in a way only rugged love can be, and the magic of the sun, from sunrise to sunset, is a stark reminder that happiness may as well be a feeling we can only cherish when we have nothing. 90004 90166 90003 Gin and tonic on the beach in Tanzania 90004 90003 But trust me on this one, spend a night with the «fishes» and under the stars, it will be one of the feelings you will take with you and remember for life.90004 90003 90172 Once in a Lifetime Journey was a guest of The Manta Resort. As always, all opinions are our own. 90173 90004 90175 90176 Check if you need a visa, get help processing it at iVisa. 90177 90176 Never ever leave without travel insurance. Get affordable coverage from World Nomads or long term insurance from Safety Wing. 90177 90176 I find all of my flights on KAYAK. Check their Deals section too. 90177 90176 Search for all your transportation between destinations on the trusted travel booking platform Bookaway.90177 90176 I book all my day trips and tours via GetYourGuide, they are the best and their tours are refundable up to 24h in advance. 90177 90176 Get USD35 off your first booking with Airbnb. 90177 90176 Compare hotels EVERYWHERE at HotelsCombined and book with Booking.com. Or swap your home with Love Home. 90177 90176 Compare car rental prices at Rentalcars.com 90177 90192 .90000 Why so Many Adults, Children Do not Get Flu Shots 90001 90002 Despite an aggressive awareness campaign to increase the number of people getting flu shots, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) say far too many people — including infants as young as 6 months old — are not getting vaccinated. 90003 90002 In its latest report, the CDC found that just 47 percent of all people 6 months of age and older in the United States had received a flu shot during the 2014-15 flu season, up about 1 percent from the prior year.90003 90002 Almost 75 percent of babies between 6 months and 23 months of age were vaccinated at least once against the flu last year. That rate has steadily increased for more than a decade. 90003 90002 CDC officials say that still leaves millions of those most vulnerable to the illness at risk. 90003 90002 More disturbing to health providers is that fact that only about 68 percent of kids between 2 and 4 years of age were given a flu shot and the immunization rate for children between 5 and 12 (62 percent) and 13 and 17 years of age (47 percent) remained essentially flat.90003 90002 Among adults, almost 44 percent received a flu vaccination last year, up 1.4 percent from 2013-14. 90003 90002 90015 Read More: Get the Facts on Flu Symptoms »90016 90003 90018 Young Face Higher Risks 90019 90002 CDC officials say children less than 5 years of age, and particularly those younger than 2 years of age, are at high risk of a variety of serious flu-related complications. 90003 90002 About 20,000 children under the age of 5 are hospitalized each year in the U.S. for influenza-related complications ranging from pneumonia, dehydration, sinus problems, and ear infections.90003 90002 They report that 147 children died from influenza last year. Last month, Kiera Driscoll, a 5-year-old Las Vegas kindergartner, whose parents said she was given a flu vaccine, went into cardiac arrest and died after coming down with influenza and pneumonia. 90003 90002 Health officials say Driscoll’s death represents a rare instance that should not dissuade parents from having their children — and themselves — vaccinated against one of the world’s most common and potentially deadly diseases.90003 90002 In 2010 the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, through its Healthy People 2020 health-promotion and disease-prevention program, set out to achieve a 70 percent vaccination rate for children between 6 months and 23 months. 90003 90002 «[The flu vaccination rate] was really bad back in 2003 but in 2004 the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices introduced the recommendation to vaccinate the 6-to-23 months ‘population and rates have gradually climbed since then,» said L .J. Tan, PhD, chief strategy officer for the Immunization Action Coalition. «That said, I believe we still are not where we need to be.» 90003 90002 90015 Read More: One Mutation Allowed Flu Virus to Become Resistant to Vaccine »90016 90003 90018 Facts Not Fears 90019 90002 So, why are so many adults opting not to immunize themselves and their children against the flu? 90003 90002 CDC officials and immunization advocates say it’s because of unfounded fears based on myths, ignorance, and the age-old fallacy that something like this could never happen to them.90003 90002 CDC researchers say parents who do not vaccinate their children against the flu seem to fall mostly into two camps. There are those who say the vaccine was not promoted or recommended by their child’s physician. And there are those who simply believe that their child is not susceptible to the flu because their kid is otherwise healthy and does not have a high-risk condition. 90003 90002 Unsubstantiated campaigns promulgated by celebrities such as actress Jenny McCarthy, suggesting a correlation between the routine battery of immunizations given to children and the rising rate of autism diagnoses have given uninformed parents another ready excuse, officials say.90003 90002 «Despite so much evidence now to the contrary, the myth that vaccines can cause autism still circulates,» Tan told Healthline. «And, we still have members of mainstream press making statements that continue to suggest some form of controversy. There really is no controversy anymore and we should stop saying that there is.» 90003 90002 Officials at Autism Speaks, a leading autism advocacy organization that sponsors autism research and conducts awareness and outreach activities, concur.90003 90002 «Over the last two decades, extensive research has asked whether there is any link between childhood vaccines and autism,» the organization said in a statement. «Scientific research has not directly connected autism to vaccines. Efforts must be continually made to educate parents about vaccine safety. If parents decide not to vaccinate, they must be aware of the consequences in their community and their local schools.» 90003 90002 Dr. Cindy Weinbaum, acting deputy director of the CDC’s Immunization Services Division, told Healthline that vaccinating children according to the recommended schedule is «one of the best ways to protect them from 14 harmful and potentially deadly diseases» before their second birthday.90003 90002 «Specific to influenza, a yearly vaccine is the single best way to protect children from the flu,» she said. «While flu vaccination uptake among children has increased, there is still a long way to go to protect every child.» 90003 90002 90015 Read More: Vaccines Do not Cause Autism, so What Does? »90016 90003 90018 Rates Differ by Ethnicity, States 90019 90002 This appears to be especially true among African-American and Hispanic populations. 90003 90002 In its latest data, the CDC found that only about 44 percent of African-Americans and Hispanics older than 6 months of age were vaccinated against the flu last year.90003 90002 These numbers are below the immunization rates for whites (48 percent) and Asians (51 percent). 90003 90002 There are also significant disparities by state. 90003 90002 Among children between 6 months and 17 months of age, Montana had the lowest immunization rate at about 45 percent while Rhode Island led the pack at almost 79 percent. 90003 90002 For adults, Nevadans were most willing to roll the dice and take their chances. They checked in with a national-low flu-shot rate of 36 percent.South Dakota topped the list at 58 percent. 90003 90002 «We have a very safe vaccine that works and so we feel that [people] should not be gambling with influenza vaccination,» Tan said. «Why take a chance that this is the year that your choice not to get your child vaccinated because you heard it was a mild season? We do not do that with car seats.» 90003.